mental Diseases

Introduction
We've all heard terms like psychic, crazy, mentally ill, and so on. These terms are even used to joke and sometimes insult one another. But as we get into physical illness, our mental systems can sometimes get in trouble. We sometimes use the term mental illness or nerves . Mental patients, like other patients, need community support and understanding, so let's take a step toward reducing pain by raising awareness about the nature of mental disorders.

Introduction to Mental Illness
Mental illnesses annually involve a large portion of the population and impose huge costs on individuals and the health system of the community . Little information is usually available about these disorders and their families. These individuals themselves, due to some misconceptions that exist in the community about mental illnesses, do not seek treatment in a timely manner and do not have accurate information about the nature of their illness .

A. Criteria for Mental Disease
Any type of distress is not the result of a mental disorder. Many of these are temporary and fleeting. Therefore, specialists consider the criteria for a mental disorder.
The following are explained below :
Deviation from social norms
Every society has norms for acceptable behavior or self-determined criteria and behavior that deviate significantly from these standards is long and behavior anomaly known .
But if we simply regard deviations from social norms as the criteria for defining anomalies, there are problems. Behavior that is considered normal in certain community may be is abnormal in the other Community. For example, hearing certain voices in a situation where no one really speaks or seeing some people in the absence of anyone else is not unusual in people of some cultures .
Even the concept of anomaly in a particular community may change over time. For example, the type of coatings that young people use may have been an anomaly several years ago. But today, they are often regarded as differences in lifestyle .
Therefore, we need more criteria to define a mental disorder .

B. the behavior is uncoordinated
Many social scientists believe that the most important criterion is how any behavior affects the quality of life of a person or a social group, rather than defining mental disorder in terms of deviation from statistical or social norms. Accordingly, it is an abnormal behavior that is uncoordinated and entails detrimental consequences for the individual or society. Some behaviors disrupt personal well-being. For example, a person who fears the population and is anxious may not perform well in their work, home, or school environment.

C. personal distress
This criterion focuses on one's own distress rather than one's behavior. Most people who are known to be mentally ill - but not all, find themselves in severe pain: in the sense that they are anxious or depressed. They may have insomnia, anorexia and all sorts of physical pain. None of the three criteria mentioned above alone indicate a mental disorder and all of these criteria must be considered in conjunction. For example, if one behaves in a way that is not in line with society's norms (deviation from social norms) and is so-called weird, one cannot say that this person has a mental disorder.

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, in its latest edition, defines mental illness as:
"Mental disorder is a state characterized by the disruption of one's cognition, emotional or behavioral order, and is itself a reflection of the malfunctioning of biological, psychological, or developmental processes that underlie psychological functioning. Mental disorders are usually associated with significant or disabling discomfort in social, occupational, or other important activities of one's life".